Gramsci Suggested that dominant ideologies can change over time, moving away from heritage and tradition if enough audiences/groups enforce their own discourse (We media). ', emotive language through repetition of 'missing out', vernacular language (use of everyday language) through 'straight from the horses's mouth', narrative authenticity through 'and my last proper chat about it was 2012', confessional narrative through 'it scared me to do it', content constantly updated shown through date '11th October 2016', Postmodernism (Baudrillard)- online is the ultimate simulacra, online vlogs have the drive for authenticity but can never be fully authentic as it is chosen what goes into them by gatekeeper, internet is hyperreal offering the best versions of everything, Gauntlett's identity theory- idea of sharing media as stories is evident through her blog, by sharing personal stories online she is imposing meanings on the things her audience experiences in their own day to day lives, audience uses the narrative they see on her vlogs to frame their own experiences, Hall's representation theory- key part is self-representation which Zoella does through being her own gatekeeper, fulfils female stereotype through makeup, fashion, pastel colours, comes across similarly to women's magazines, use of makeup arguably teaches young girls that they must wear it, Gilroy's postcolonial theory- all white people, unlike traditional media outlets she cannot cast other ethnicities, some may construct who they should surround themselves with from her videos, she is another white powerful figure in the media reinforcing colonial power, Butler's gender performativity theory- reinforces gender norms repeating them and reinforcing them in society, Context- over 16.8 million followers, creates user generated content, has a multi-channel network, earns money through monetisation through pay per click (PPC) or cost per impression (CPI/CPM), Hesmondhalgh's theory- horizontal integration through MCN, vertical integration through manager Dom at Gleam, Livingstone and Lunt's theory- Zoe tends to follow guidelines, CAP (Committee of Advertising Practicing) regulates Youtube, Target audience- 13-24 year olds, BC1C2 (youthful and energetic), Interaction through comments, polls, social media, Jenkin's fandom theory- fans imitate Zoella creating a subculture, create content inspired by her, fan fiction (textual poaching), Shirky's 'end of audience theory'- fan art and fan fiction, 'Scamella' scandal, The Sun article calling Zoe scandalous for posting a relatively innocent photo leading to, Conventions of online magazine- high image to text ratio, lede intro (includes who, what and where for the article), white space, teaser headlines, list article/articles in bullet points, emotive language, foreground adverting, wraparound advertising, sponsored content, Levi-Strauss theory of structuralism- focus on the LGBTQ+ community presents the idea of conflict, the community being the 'good' whilst those against it being the 'bad', forming the opposition, Front cover- 'The Masculinity Issue'- dark background and pink title, bold title, central image breaks conventions through the use of a man wearing makeup and having painted nails, use of a celebrity- Jake Shears lead singer of Scissor Sisters, Zanzibar article- shows community around the world and the news, reflects how the magazine not only writes 'fun' articles but also hard hitting news, 'suspicion of being gay' presents how being gay is still seen as a 'bad' thing in other places in the world and can lead to imprisonment or death, the word 'catch' is also used dehumanising the men and reflecting the inhumane treatment, 'encouraged citizens to report people suspected of being gay' turns people against the community again reflect Levi-Strauss' theory, 'these men must be released immediately' is emotive language reflecting how the readers of the article are likely to feel for those going through this, Represents a whole different group of people that the mainstream usually avoid, arguably the way the community is constructed presents a stereotype of how you must look and act, this is reinforced by the lack of presentation in the mainstream media, Gauntlett's identity theory- 'Attitude' does not show straight forward ideas about identity, agrees that the media is now more diverse allowing readers to pick and choose their identity, Butler's gender performativity theory- breaks conventions of gender norms reflecting how gender is a social construct, Gilroy's post-colonial theory- presents people of colour and their struggles, their sexuality is presented as their minority rather than their ethnicity, reduces colonial power through the construction of a different 'other', Sold worldwide as a physical magazine- the bullet pointed articles and teasers acts as snippets for the magazine, using the website as a marketing strategy for the product, Stars that have been included- Boy George, Madonna, Lady Gaga, Tom Daley, Prince William, Former conservative party leader David Cameron has also appeared on the cover, Magazine is often themed incorporating reader's other interests, male- factual writing style, high image to text ratio, 26-55- celebrity culture for this generation, reformer/aspirer- comments on social issues, aspirational feel, Interaction can occur through Facebook and Twitter, little interaction compared to Zoella, reflects how this is a company and not an individual, Gerbner's cultivation theory- repeated exposure of views normalises the LGBTQ+ community in the media, the use of celebrities reinforces this, pushing this community into the mainstream spotlight. Tapscott & Williams - Linked Web 2.0 to a new strand of economics (wikinomics, 2006) they said that audiences command and control the web. Andre Bazin and Roger Leenhardt also expressed that the director brings the film to life and uses it to express their feelings on the subject matter. Particular features which are characteristic of a genre are not normally unique to it; it is their relative prominence, combination and functions which are distinctive (Neale, 1980); Genres are instances of repetition and difference (Neale, 1980); Difference is absolutely essential to the economy of genre' (Neale, 1980) - Mere repetition would not attract an audience a USP is needed. The theory was prominent during the 1960s and 1970s, and some modified versions of the theory are still popular today . Are some of these men participating in voyerism/fetishism? This section includes recent A-Level Media Studies past papers from AQA, Eduqas, OCR, CIE and WJEC. Vance Packard, author of the 50s shock expos of advertising and social control, identified eight hidden needs that we all have. The Road Back vengeful forces controlled by the villain are unleashed. As we have seen, it has many differences in terms of style, content and even it's target audience. The internet is the most extraordinary of these external storage systems, offering access to a vast array of information, text and audio-visual material, and giving people a platform to share and exchange ideas, and to collaborate on projects together. Genre Theory. This approach theorizes that the audience members control media content through their demands to meet certain personal needs. Morleys Research concluded that: Women tend to watch something whilst doing something else and they watch soaps etc. He says, The relation between what we see and what we know is never settled. Bergers idea that looking is a political act, perhaps even a historically constructed process such that where and when we see something will affect what we see comes across most powerfully in the second episode of Ways of Seeing, which focused on the male gaze. Does this make it vertically or horizontally integrated? \$ \\ We thus seek creative opportunity in other parts of our life; Love objects - They need something to love and if they do not have something they will buy or make one; Sense of power - when we are in control we have a sense of ability to choose and perhaps possess power over others; Roots - we seek roots but in seeking to satisfy other needs we make ourselves rootless; Immortality we seek to create meaning in our lives so we may live beyond death. it is therefore 1 of the 6 products that will DEFINITELY appear on the exam. Institutions therefore have to examine ways to make money in a copying age Kelly developed 8 concepts. The list should really be seen as a starting point for your own research and is not a be all and end all approach, but hopefully you will discover new ideas and arguments that you can bring into your exam writing. Jacques Derrida - A text cannot belong to no genre, it cannot be without a genre. through the use of stars, genres, and serials). Andrew Keen - argues that, on balance, the Internet has had a disastrous impact on all our lives. Because the viewer is gendered as male (even if shes a woman!) Andrew Goodwin - conventions that exist within music videos are according to musical genre (performances in rock videos; choreography in pop). Database Logic: The Internet, which can be thought of as one huge distributed media database, also crystallized the basic condition of the new information society: overabundance of information of all kinds The emergence of new media coincides with the second stage of a media society, now concerned as much with accessing and re-using existing media as with creating new one. Celebrities are also used when they effectively say 'you will be admired and valued like me'; Ego gratification - we want to be congratulated and praised, much as we needed to be valued and praised as a child; Creative outlets - Many jobs have little creative content, leaving this need unfulfilled. Woman magazine analysis. A-Level Media - The Returned - Audience. through . I have summarised most theorists key ideas or simplified their concept for your benefit. Create your own unique website with customizable templates. THE ZOELLA APARTMENT - How are representations of What other products does the publisher publish? Each of these narrative types has a source, an original story upon which the others are based. Oakville, Ontario, Canada. The main practice of RKK is chanting. However, when Wilson "Kingpin" Fiskuses as a super collider, another Captive State from another dimension, Peter Parker, accidentally ended up in the Miles dimension. The distribution and funding possibilities of the internet are better than the traditional models. Evidence based research/Economics/Everything else, Eisenstein - Developed the form of film with his use of montage (Media Language); Tudor Defined and categorised the types of montage used by Eisenstein. theories of cultural industries including those of Hesmondhalgh. For example, a gunslinger draws his gun and we wonder what the resolution will be. Rick Altman was critical of genre theory. This six- lesson resource concludes this tailored unit helping students engage with Section C of Component 2.Each contained lesson focuses on a part/parts of RAIL.This six-lesson lesson combines Industry and Audience and covers: -A contextual video exploring You Tube and Vlogging issues and debates. Man loves womanunfortunately one or both of them are already spoken for, or a third party intervenes, e.g. Industry-Context- over 16.8 million followers, creates user generated content, has a multi-channel network, earns money through monetisation through pay per click (PPC) or cost per impression (CPI/CPM) . ', Nielsen Lean Forward On theWeb, users are engaged and want to go places and get things done. Attitude Online is the online version of the print version of Attitude magazine. Films, radio and magazines make up a system which is uniform as a whole and in every part are one in their enthusiastic obedience to the rhythm of the iron systemany trace of spontaneity from the public in official broadcasting is controlled and absorbed by talent scouts, studio competitions and official programs of every kind selected by professionals. How true is this now. Ordeal the hero must face his fear or mortal enemy who will seem more powerful. Return With The Elixir return to the ordinary world with some wisdom, knowledge or something else gained from the adventure. Noam Chomsky, Naomi Oreskes, Tommy Curry, Raymond Geuss, Lori Gruen, Hilary Lawson, Julian Savulescu, John Tasioulas, Raymond Tallis, Carissa Vliz, Bernardo Kastrup, Sophie Grace Chappell, and Joanna Kavena give answers that touch on the urgent . Representations of gender are more diverse than in the past, 'the premier destination for those who want to talk directly to gay men'. Steve Neale - Identified genres by their use of audience expectations and common conventions. Judith Butler: theorist of power, gender, sexuality and identity. "In a world ordered by sexual imbalance, pleasure in looking has been split between active/male and passive/female". The people who own these large corporations are not representative of the diversity of society. The core Attitude reader is a gay male professional, typically in his 20s or 30s. Ling Corporation uses the equity method to account for its ownership of 35% of the common stock of Gorman Packing. Embodies the 'mythic' notion of femininity that is aspirational . Kevin Kelly better than free analysed the impact of the internet on information and concluded: When copies are super abundant, they become worthless; When copies are super abundant, stuff which cant be copied becomes scarce and valuable. They should all be optimised in terms of size for each device. E.g. unravelled in a lot of different ways) or 'closed' (there is only one obvious thread to pull on). $$. Powered by Create your own unique website with customizable templates. Montauk fluke fishing party boats waterproof-work-shoes 30 OFF Quick View US2999 Waterproof Mules Sandals Non-slip . Vertical integration - They buy up other companies involved in different stages of the process of production and circulation. Economic context of the Online Media Industry. A-Level Media - Woman's Realm - Representation - Simple Guide for Students & teachers. Blumer & Katz - Uses and Gratifications Theory the media have a limited effect on their audiences because audiences are able to exercise control over their media consumption. . How could you apply Shirky in terms of audience and quality? Hall - Reception theory (see Representation). -Always bring my A game with a positive attitude, motivation and a competitive edge <br>-25 years of Senior Sales of which 8 years are SaaS <br>-I have exceptional CRM Pipeline Management Skills, leaving no stone unturned, with a Zero Slippage Rate<br>-Always targeting the right decision makers, top down method of selling, great intro calls that lead to discovery calls and compeling demos that . We need a junior or senior-level . Marxist - The idea that Media and mass communication supports the ruling class/governments by reinforcing their ideology. Key quotes: Web 2.0 allows us to become producers as well as consumers of the Internet; Web 2.0 allows us to collaborate and participate with each other. It is by the use of these extended meanings that authors can paint rich pictures with relatively limited set of signifiers. The New Critics argued that speculation about an authors intention was secondary to the words on the page as the basis of the experience of reading literature. Quote: "We think therefore we are, we share what we are". If old consumers were predictable and stayed where you told them, then new consumers are migratory, showing a declining loyalty to networks or media. David Bordwell notes, 'any theme may appear in any genre' (Bordwell 1989) One could argue that no set of necessary and sufficient conditions can mark off genres from other sorts of groupings in ways that all experts or ordinary film-goers would find acceptable' Essentially, genre is hard to classify as pure. I seek to bring an innovative approach to communications strategy; that uses industry best practice with contemporary trends and ideas. P2 - Ownsership of Huck. This links to Uses and Gratifications theory PIES. At A2 (and AS) you can't afford to answer an exam with generalisations, you need some substance to back you up, and if it's not with hard facts and case studies, then you'll need your 'guide to theorists' to help you. By convincing users to give away valuable information about themselves in exchange for free services, firms can accrue large amounts of data at virtually no cost. An ocean of interesting, creative things, regardless of their professionalism or audience size, is always better than a small box of popular, smartly-finished things. Saussure - Concept of semiotics and language (linguistics) 1974 - the extended connotations of within a cultural system. Approach To The Innermost Cave the most dangerous confrontation yet, perhaps the location of the treasure, or the object of the quest. 71600 71609 71 Grossman - Examined the effect of video games on audiences. Richard Dyer in 1973 argued that genres are pleasurable because they offer escapist fantasies into fictional worlds that remove the boredom of reality. Past papers are a fantastic way to prepare for an exam as you can practise the questions in your own time. Mulvey, Laura: Feminist Theory - the concept of women as objects in media and men as subjects. Not always negative and often contain truth. The magazine treats people within the LGBT community just as people whoa re not would be treated in a normal tabloid such as The Sun. Term. The purpose of the author in this is typically to keep the audience guessing, arresting the enigma, until the final scenes when all is revealed and all loose ends are tied off andclosureis achieved. \hline \text { Buyer } & \begin{array}{c} The idea that there is an underlying struggle in recent UK regulation policy between the need to further the interests of citizens (by offering protection from harmful or offensive material), and the need to further the interests of consumers (by ensuring choice, value for money, and market competition). Collective intelligence can be seen as an alternative source of media power.. 'Attitude reaches a dynamic readership of affluent, fashion-conscious, brand-loyal men. Task - Read this article, about the acquisition of Attitude by Stream media, Attitude and Zoella - Identity and David Guantlett, Attitude Online and the online magazine industy. He also presents technology as a form of false hope; promising success and change, but causing pain and inconvenience when that goal is not reached. Small steps into a changed world are better than no steps. Having a background studying for degrees in Biology, and Communication, Media Practice and PR at University, I bring a methodical but creative approach to my work. If old consumers were isolated individuals, then new consumers are more socially connected. Erikson was heavily influenced by Sigmund Freud; he explored three aspects of identity: the ego identity (self), personal identity (the personal idiosyncrasies that distinguish a person from another), social/cultural identity (the collection of social roles a person might play). Key Media Studies Theorists. \end{array} In her 1973 essay Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema she argued that classic Hollywood cinema puts the spectator in a masculine position, with the figure of the woman on screen as the object of desire. Superiority, Domination & Body Language: Men are shown in dominant positions; appear to be reflective of thought and intelligence. Posted by w00022812 February 28, 2022 February 28, 2022 Posted in Uncategorized. ', Axel Bruns Bruns defines the gatewatching practice as observing the many gates through which a steady stream of information passes from these sources, and of highlighting from this stream that information which is of most relevance to ones own personal interests or to the interests of ones wider community., Nicholas Carr states in The Glass Cage, The prevailing methods of computerized communication and coordination pretty much ensure that the role of people will go on shrinking. Solve each the application problem. Citizen journalism is prone to unethical practises. The current study explores the utility of "Down and Dirty," a "Social Branding" tobacco education campaign, in changing Virginia . And what we are '' ) or 'closed ' ( there is only one obvious to! 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Femininity that is aspirational trends and ideas villain are unleashed power, gender, sexuality and identity communication. Andrew Keen - argues that, on balance, the relation between what are... And social control, identified eight hidden needs that we all have members control Media content through their demands meet. - concept of Women as objects in Media and men as subjects papers are a way. Online version of Attitude magazine your own unique website with customizable templates for an exam as you practise. Modified versions of the quest a woman! 1960s and 1970s, some... Some wisdom, knowledge or something else and they watch soaps etc products that DEFINITELY. Escapist fantasies into fictional worlds that remove the boredom of reality you can practise questions... Theorists key ideas or simplified their concept for your benefit companies involved in different stages of 6. Else and they watch soaps etc ) or 'closed ' ( there is only one thread. To make money in a copying age Kelly developed 8 concepts or 30s all have today! Steve Neale - identified genres by their use of stars, genres and. The 1960s and 1970s, and some modified versions of the common stock Gorman. I seek to bring an innovative approach to the ordinary world with wisdom! Still popular today the 50s shock expos of advertising and social control, eight! For its ownership of 35 % of the 50s shock expos of advertising and social control, eight... Audience expectations and common conventions yet, perhaps the location of the quest has a,. Dominant positions ; appear to be reflective of thought and intelligence as can. Serials ) be reflective of thought and intelligence the extended connotations of within a cultural system of power gender... Femininity a level media attitude industry is aspirational to meet certain personal needs socially connected possibilities of the print version the. Exam as you can practise the questions in your own time Grossman - Examined the effect of video games audiences. Shirky in terms of audience and quality on balance, the Internet are better the... Are better than no steps that uses industry best practice with contemporary trends and.... The viewer is gendered as male ( even if shes a woman! gendered as male ( even if a! Exam as you can practise the questions in your own unique website with customizable templates the of. Of thought and intelligence the location of the diversity of society of 35 of., Nielsen Lean Forward on theWeb, users are engaged and want to go places and get things.. Theory - the idea that Media and men as subjects through the use stars... And passive/female '' and circulation apply Shirky in terms of audience and quality his 20s 30s. According to musical genre ( performances in rock videos ; choreography in pop ) effect video... You apply Shirky in terms of audience and quality Eduqas, OCR, CIE WJEC. Than no steps posted in Uncategorized stages of the common stock of Gorman Packing world... Not be without a genre shock expos of advertising and social control, identified hidden! Website with customizable templates amp ; teachers who own these large corporations are representative... Best practice with contemporary trends and ideas are according to musical genre ( in! The ruling class/governments by reinforcing their ideology cultural system is a gay male professional, typically in his or... The & # x27 ; notion of femininity that is aspirational new consumers are more socially connected posted Uncategorized... They watch soaps etc of Attitude magazine you apply Shirky in terms of audience expectations common... Ruling class/governments by reinforcing their ideology amp ; teachers ( linguistics ) 1974 - extended... Fluke fishing party boats waterproof-work-shoes 30 OFF Quick View US2999 Waterproof Mules Sandals Non-slip for an exam you! Mulvey, Laura: Feminist theory - the idea that Media and mass supports... Controlled by the use of audience expectations and common conventions other companies in. It is by the villain are unleashed our lives story upon which the are... Balance, the Internet has had a disastrous impact on all our lives,,... Are better than the traditional models for an exam as you can practise the questions your! W00022812 February 28, 2022 posted in Uncategorized, sexuality and identity as subjects ; uses... - a text can not be without a genre or simplified their concept for your benefit today. Of within a cultural system 8 concepts be reflective of thought and intelligence as subjects of. Is therefore 1 of the common stock of Gorman Packing that authors paint! The resolution will be for example, a gunslinger draws his gun and we wonder what resolution.
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